Annual report pursuant to Section 13 and 15(d)

Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Net

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Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Net
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2021
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]  
Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Net GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET
Goodwill, Net
The changes in the goodwill balances by reportable segment are as follows:
U.S. Regions U.S. Federal Canada Other Total
Carrying Value of Goodwill
Balance, December 31, 2019 $ 26,705  $ 3,981  $ 3,369  $ 24,359  $ 58,414 
Foreign currency translation —  —  72  228  300 
Balance, December 31, 2020 26,705  3,981  3,441  24,587  58,714 
Goodwill acquired during the year 12,499  —  —  —  12,499 
Foreign currency translation —  —  13  (69) (56)
Balance, December 31, 2021 $ 39,204  $ 3,981  $ 3,454  $ 24,518  $ 71,157 
Accumulated Goodwill Impairment
Balance, December 31, 2020 $ —  $ —  $ (1,016) $ —  $ (1,016)
Balance, December 31, 2021 $ —  $ —  $ (1,016) $ —  $ (1,016)
Our annual goodwill impairment review was performed each year-end using a quantitative approach, and we determined that there was no goodwill impairment for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020. We tested goodwill for impairment at the reporting unit level utilizing the income approach which included a discounted cash flow method with a market approach. Based on our assessment, all our reporting units with goodwill had estimated fair values that exceeded their carrying values by at least 61% as of December 31, 2021 and 67% as of December 31, 2020. During the course of our valuation analysis for the year ended December 31, 2020, we determined that although the fair value of our U.S. Federal reporting unit exceeded the carrying amount of this reporting unit, the carrying value of the reporting unit was negative.
Intangible Assets, Net
Definite-lived intangible assets, net consisted of the following:
As of December 31,
2021 2020
Gross carrying amount
Customer contracts $ 8,459  $ 7,977 
Customer relationships 18,723  12,914 
Non-compete agreements 3,054  3,061 
Technology 2,745  2,743 
Tradenames 545  545 
Total gross carrying amount 33,526  27,240 
Accumulated Amortization
Customer contracts 7,961  7,977 
Customer relationships 12,268  12,006 
Non-compete agreements 3,054  3,061 
Technology 2,744  2,734 
Tradenames 538  535 
Total accumulated amortization 26,565  26,313 
Intangible assets, net $ 6,961  $ 927 
Customer contracts are amortized ratably over the period of the acquired customer contracts ranging in periods from approximately one to eight years. All other intangible assets are amortized over periods ranging from approximately four to fifteen years, as defined by the nature of the respective intangible asset.
Separable intangible assets that are not deemed to have indefinite lives are amortized over their useful lives. We annually assess whether a change in the useful life is necessary, or more frequently if events or circumstances warrant. No changes to useful lives were made during the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019.
The table below sets forth amortization expense:
Year Ended December 31,
Location 2021 2020 2019
Customer contracts Cost of revenues $ —  $ 59  $ 90 
Customer relationships Selling, general and administrative expenses 310  604  806 
Non-compete agreements Selling, general and administrative expenses —  —  1 
Technology Selling, general and administrative expenses 8  19  12 
Tradenames Selling, general and administrative expenses 3  3  — 
Total amortization expense $ 321  $ 685  $ 909 
Amortization expense for our definite-lived intangible assets for the next five years to be included in selling, general, and administrative expenses is as follows:
Estimated Amortization Expense
2022 $ 1,892 
2023 1,300 
2024 1,299 
2025 1,298 
2026 1,172 
Thereafter — 
Total $ 6,961